Design of public entertainment Smoke

 With the rapid development of China's economic construction, high-rise buildings, underground projects mushroomed developed. Extensive use of these buildings are often plastic, chemical fiber, foam and other materials for interior decoration, in the event of fire, interior building materials, decoration materials, flammable furniture, clothing and other combustible materials in the combustion process such a large amount of toxic gas, the human body great harm, easy to suffocating, poisoning and death. According to recent fire statistics shows that the number of people killed in the fire, because smoke smoked about the death of 50% to 70%, and among those who were burned to death before the majority of poisoning is also collapsed after the fire of death asphyxiation. And attached to these buildings in the public gathering places of entertainment, people-intensive, electrical load, use of combustible materials, and more, in the event of a fire burning a large amount of gas produced, so that visibility is greatly reduced, and even the direction of easy evacuation Bianbu Qing The major accidents caused by Qunsiqunshang. Smoke control facilities in buildings for fire safety evacuation and fire suppression has created favorable conditions, but also control the spread of the fire to expand. Therefore, the setting is very important smoke control facilities. In order to have the design and installation of smoke control facilities to play its due role in ensuring the country and the people's lives and property, I according to the structural characteristics of places of public entertainment and fire features, designed to smoke should pay attention to talk about a few issues points of view:

a need to set the smoke control facilities, places of public entertainment

technical specifications of the current fire, smoke in public entertainment facilities are put forward specific requirements, from building types can be broadly divided into the following three types: .

defense works:

Second, the smoke partition division and determine the amount of air exhaust

: the burden of smoke or a smoke partition headroom is not greater than 6m smoke partition plan room, per square meter area shall be not less than 60m3 / h basis, the amount of single wind machine should not be less than the minimum exhaust 7200m3 / h; the burden of two or more partitions exhaust smoke when the smoke partition shall be the maximum area per square meter area of not less than 120 m3 / h basis, the amount of air is not less than 50% and smoke must be less than the amount of smoke, so fire at a negative pressure room, air speed specification is less than 7m / s, air velocity through the General Assembly room smoke and fire damage to the air layer, so that the lower part of the air and smoke space gas mixture, a threat to the safety of detained persons. Thus, the amount of mechanical smoke exhaust system with smoke partitions have a direct relationship. The regulations are clear, smoke control facilities to set a public entertainment room, room floor area of not more than 200 m2, is far from consistent with a smoke partition does not exceed 500 m2 area of the request, so that the amount of computation must be based on public smoke entertainment of the actual situation, not able to smoke a small amount of calculation, at less than the actual smoke effects, can not smoke too much calculation to increase the exhaust fan equipment cost. To multi-storey building and civil air defense projects, if only for a hall, room, smoke volume can be calculated separately; If two or more rooms, room, best to a few rooms, room superposition calculation, but smoke partitions shall not exceed the maximum area of 500 m2.

Third, the choice of exhaust from exhaust from

into natural draft and mechanical pressurized air supply and mechanical exhaust smoke.

natural smoke is under the action of natural forces, so that smoke indoor and outdoor air convection,Discount UGG boots, the main use of openable windows or the use of the balcony,UGG bailey button, to smoke the way concave Gallery. In this way the economic, simple, easy to operate, do not use power as well as special equipment, usually double as ventilation to use,UGG shoes, not power of fire. Non-mandatory requirements in the specification may be a way to give priority to smoke, such as the following: (1) located in the underground building evacuation corridors or four and four or more layers within the civil construction of public entertainment in the 40m length of less than evacuate aisle or other rooms need to smoke. (2) in a class of buildings and building height more than 32m of the two types of places of public entertainment within the building evacuation 60m in length, or other needs within the corridor smoke room. (3) the following two types of building height 32m building evacuation corridors or other public places of entertainment need to smoke in the room. (4) air defense projects in the area of less than 50 m2 room; the total length is less than 20m of the evacuation corridor. However, the design must take full account of the effective area of openings to ensure the multi-storey high-rise buildings and public places of entertainment corridor, room can be opened outside the window area of not less than the room, walkways, 2% of floor area, public entertainment within the civil air defense projects The total site area of natural exhaust port of the smoke partition size greater than 2%. Meanwhile, natural smoke exhaust port by way of the wind direction and other factors greater role in the event of air pressure, exhaust gas is difficult, especially in building low-rise area, fire and wind if the exhaust port opposite direction, causing spread of smoke in the building, there rooms, evacuation corridor, staircase or smoke before the gathering room has seriously affected the evacuation of personnel, the design should be considered.

mechanical smoke through the fan air pressure, so that the stairwell and the front room before the room or combination of positive pressure, thereby preventing the intrusion of smoke, to ensure the safety of evacuation and shelter. The main refuge for a closed layer of tall buildings, smoke staircase and front room, fire room and the two combined elevator room and other parts of the former, although the smoke effect is remarkable, reliability and stability. But with more complex design calculations, equipment complexity, the disadvantages investment. And in places of public entertainment within the tall buildings and architecture are often used together in other places the staircase, there is no separate staircases,cheap UGG boots, and even some high-rise building with pressurized air supply complete mechanical smoke control system, therefore, no need to consider places of public entertainment in the high-rise buildings within the design of mechanical smoke pressurized air supply means. Otherwise, it will increase the complexity of the system and improve the project investment, maintenance and management is not easy.